Laryngeal leishmaniasis as a differential diagnosis of glottic leukoplakia.

Leishmaniasis is the general denomination given to the infection caused by any species of the Leishmania protozoan genus transmitted in Europe, Asia and Africa by sand flies (Phlebotomus) and by species of Lutzomyia in America. It is endemic to the Mediterranean basin and its incidence has increased in recent years in connection with immunodepression status. It gives rise to 4 clinical syndromes: visceral leishmaniasis, diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis, localized cutaneous leishmaniasis and muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis. Primary mucosal involvement (in isolation) is relatively frequent in Latin America but is considered exceptional in Europe. The nasal fossae are affected in 90% of cases of mucosal leishmaniasis. The isolated involvement of the larynx is considered particularly rare. We report here a case of primary laryngeal leishmaniasis (in isolation), in which the case history and the examination